报告类大作文，旅游类话题
International travel sometimes makes people more prejudiced rather than broad-minded. What are the main reasons of this phenomenon? What can people do to improve their understanding of the countries they visit?
题目来源：2015年8月13日大陆雅思大作文
题目大意
国际旅游使人们更加有偏见而不是开拓思维。造成这个现象的主要原因是什么？人们能做什么去提高他们对于所到国家的理解？
思路解析
这是一道报告类的雅思大作文，题干本身为事实，不需要讨论观点，所以提醒有的学生不要傻傻的来一句“我不赞同”，然后全篇开始论证自己的观点。
全篇作文我们就是要做两件事情，一是解释为什么会出现这个问题，二是提出解决办法。
我们首先要清楚，旅行者和当地居民不同，他们没有时间也没有办法在旅行过程中全面了解一个地方，所以他们对一个地方的印象往往就来自他们旅行过程中所见所闻，或者旅行前后其他人灌输给他们的内容。
旅行者对当地的偏见主要会来自三方面：文化（宗教）差异、刻板印象（stereotype）和旅行过程中的突发事件。
两个国家地区，因为历史传统等原因，必然会有文化差异。这些差异可能会体现在日常动作、饮食习惯、穿着打扮等地方。一个国家习以为常的风俗放在另一个国家可能就是一种禁忌。比如，有些国家的人是不吃猪肉，但当他去旅行被邀请吃猪肉时，他会无法接受这种饮食习惯甚至觉得这对他可能是一种羞辱。
刻板印象会让旅行者有一个先入为主的偏见，而这个刻板印象可能是来自国内的媒体、身边人或者旅行团的导游和其他成员。比如，月半鸭之前在欧洲旅游的时候，就会导游就会跟我们反复强调说在法国巴黎会有很多小偷以及晚上出去不安全，这让我主观上就会觉得巴黎就是一个很不安全的城市，甚至头一次晚上去超市时还非常担心，虽然啥事都没发生。
突发事件特别是负面事件，也会造成旅行者对当地产生偏见。旅行者可能会把某人的个人不良行为，放大到整个群体上。比如，月半鸭在巴黎旅游时，大中午光天化日之下，团队中一名游客就遇到5-6名吉普赛女子围堵摸包偷钱。虽然没成功，但这个情况对游客造成的心理阴影可想而知。（然后他就会周围人说遭遇，然后周围人就产生了刻板印象，这就是个循环~）
说完原因，我们来看下解决方式。主要可以从三方面着手：旅行者可以做好全面的攻略、当地政府或机构加大宣传，以及对突发事件的及时且妥善的处理。
旅行者如果能在旅行前能够做好更充分的攻略，事先了解文化差异特别是当地有哪些禁忌或者可能触及到自身的禁忌。这个了解的过程会有助于旅行者更好地理解目的地国家，并且也可以在规划行程时提前避开来提升自己的体验。
国家政府机构则可以通过加大宣传力度，让游客对自己有更全面的认识或者更好的印象，也可以借此改变原本可能存在的刻板印象。
而当一个负面事件发生，对旅行者的伤害已经不可避免的时候，如果当地政府机构能够采取一个及时的补救措施，可以挽回旅行者的损失，以及改善旅行者对当地的整体印象。
提纲
范文示例
With the considerable social advances, travelling from one country to another becomes very prevalent, and there are many people who are in favour of exploring other countries and feel the sense of freshness so as to broaden their horizons, meet more people from different ethnic groups and acquire the languages and cultures of other countries. However, sometimes international travel makes people more prejudiced， and culture shock and stereotypes are the two culprits that may contribute to the problem.
First of all, historical differences and culture shock are probably the main culprits of the misunderstandings and even discrimination. For instance, in some parts of China, eating dog is allowed and popular，while killing or hunting dogs is illegal in Europe. This can be seen as a culture shock, and some visitors cannot understand, so sometimes conflicts may occur between the visitors and inhabitants. In addition to this, stereotypes account for the appearance of cultural prejudice. This is primarily due to the fact that many visitors are lack of a profound and comprehensive understanding of the places before setting off. In the face of the backward situation of individual areas and the destructive behaviours of individuals, the tourists may have the tendency to exaggerate them into the stereotype of the whole country, which is extremely difficult to change later as the first impression sets a framework from which people interpret everything else.
Several methods can be adapted to help foreign visitors to recognize the country in an objective way. First, before travelling, tourists should make sufficient investigation to understand the customs and habits of the tourist area and pay special attention to the precautions. During travel, they should accept and respect the customs and traditions of local people so as to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding and conflict caused by cultural differences. Also, several methods should be taken by the local government and the tour guide. The government should popularize the local cultures and histories through the Internet and media, which is feasible to let the tour guide tell the visitors the travel taboo and study how to get along with the locals of this country before travelling.
In conclusion, it is no an easy task to eliminate the possible conflict and prejudiced before the visitors explore some popular destination, but I believe that we can iron out the hostility of some visitors in the near future. Actually, prepared travellers can always enjoy an unforgettable trip.
