双边类大作文，环境类话题
Some people think they have right to use as much fresh water as they want, while others believe governments should tightly control the use of fresh water as it is a limited resources. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
题目来源：2016年12月10日大陆雅思大作文
题目大意：
有人认为人们有权力自由的使用淡水，另一些人认为政府应该严格控制淡水的使用因为这是有限资源，双边讨论给出自己的观点？
思路解析：
这是一道双边类考题，讨论的淡水资源使用的问题。双边讨论类的题目，可以自由讨论双方各自的利弊，你可以同意某一方观点也可以持中立（都同意或都反对）。审题时需要注意关键词：as much as they want 和 tightly control，正常使用是可以的，但是过度浪费就不可取。后者说法的tightly有待商榷，其程度过于严重且需要考虑该方法对于节约水资源是否真的有用。因此两方观点都不合理，下面就和大家来看下具体观点。
先来看下，淡水作为一种有限资源是毋庸置疑的，而且无论对于人类还是其他生物来说都非常重要。
个人层面角度来说，只要在合理范畴中，有权利自由决定如何使用淡水，无论是用来饮用还是洗漱等。并且，规定一个人应该用多少淡水、用在什么方面，并且加以监督管理，这样实施起来的难度也非常高。但是，如果发现一个人肆意浪费淡水资源的话，比如一直开水龙不关，还是应该加以制止，如果每个人都这样肆意浪费水资源，总量还是非常可怕的。
政府角度来说，严格控制个人淡水的使用，在实际操作上会遇到很大问题且增加行政成本。如果从节约淡水资源的角度来说，个人的使用占比是非常小的部分，农业和工业用水才是主要部分，同时污染问题也会造成淡水资源的减少。因此，如果出于节约水资源的目的，控制个人用水所能起到的作用有限，更多需要考虑的是如何提高农业和工业用水质量，以及对于现有淡水资源的污染问题进行治理。
提纲：
范文示例：
As population and income growth lead to increasing demands for freshwater and freshwater scarcity, changes in water governance and policy are advocated to tighten the control over fresh water use. Although I will not argue that people are entitled to use water recklessly, it is also thoughtless to simply set strict restriction on water use from the authoritative side.
Water is necessary for the sustenance of all living creatures. It is the world’s most precious resource, fueling everything from the food we eat, to the cotton we wear, to the energy we depend upon every day. And freshwater habitats—such as lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands and aquifers—house an incredible proportion of the world’s biodiversity. Yet despite the massive role water plays for people and nature, water is not a limitless resource, particularly the fresh potable water. Less than 1% of the world's water is fresh and accessible. Therefore，the notion that people are free to use water lavishly is both selfish and improvident. Without conservation efforts, this vital supply may be exhausted.
For another, focusing on strict water governance is too narrow an approach and would not have the desired result as domestic water use only contributes partially to the issue of water scarcity. In fact, fresh water resources show a qualitative and quantitative deterioration through time resulting from overexploitation in agricultural and industrial purposes, climatic constraints and multiplication of the diffuse sources of pollution, which are obviously beyond the realm of the approach of tightening control over water.
In conclusion, in order to ensure sustainable utilization of water, a very rigorous process of evaluation is called for, so that we can make informed decisions. It may require collaborative efforts of both individual and government in the light of decreasing freshwater availability, but conservation does not necessarily mean deprivation.
相关词汇和语法结构：
governance 统治
entitle 赋予权力
sustenance 维持、食物、营养
aquifer 含水层
biodiversity 生物多样性
lavishly 极其丰富地、浪费地
improvident 挥霍的、不顾将来的
qualitative 质量的、性质的
quantitative 定量性的、量化的
deterioration 恶化、变坏
overexploitation 过度开发
rigorous 严格的、谨慎的、细致的
deprivation 缺乏、贫困
